A new species of Actinopus ( Mygalomorphae : Actinopodidae ) from Bolivia

A new species of the spider genus Actinopus Perty from cochabamba, Bolivia is described under the name of Actinopus cochabamba sp. n. this is the second species of the genus described for the country. detailed morphological description and illustrations of the new species are presented.

IntroductIon the family Actinopodidae is represented in Bolivia only by Actinopus wallacei Pickardcambridge 1896.this species was originally described on the basis of a female specimen from Santarém, Pará, Brazil.
Half a century later, Schiapelli & Gerschman (1945) described a male as A. wallacei based on a specimen collected by dr.J. Vellard in charamoco, cochabamba, Bolivia.
Specimens observed by Schiapelli & Gerschman (1945) are deposited in the Museo Argentino de ciencias naturales "Bernardino rivadavia.this collection contains a vial with the label 778 "allotype ♂" (Fig. 1), mentioned by Schiapelli & Gerschmann (1945) as the male type, in addition to other vials preserving five females and two juveniles labeled by the authors as "A.wallacei".However, upon examination of the collection resulted that the vial labeled 778 "allotype ♂" actually stored two females, but no male specimen.Bücherl (1957) made comments on the copulatory bulb of A. wallacei on the basis of the observation of actual material.But it is unclear whether his observation was based on material collected from Brazil or based on the "allotype" specimen identified by Schiapelli and Gerschman.recently Miglio (2014) redescribed A. wallacei on the basis of female specimens from Santa cruz, Boliva and provided pictures of the type specimen from Brazil in her unpublished doctoral thesis.characteristics shown in photographs of the type examined by Miglio (2014) and of the specimen from Santa cruz accord well with those of the original description in: the shape of spermathecae, an abundant number of retrolateral spines on tibia II, post-labial sigilla triangular and posterior ones elongated, converging into a small depression in the center of the sternum.these characteristics are very different from those found in the females present in the set referred to by Schiapelli & Gerschman (1945).
the taxonomic revision of the genus Actinopus for Argentina allowed us to study hundreds of specimens of different collections.this facilitated the acquisition of experience regarding the morphological variability of the genus.the morphological differences mentioned above, the geographical distance (approximately 2000 km) between the type locality of the female mentioned in Pickard-cambridge (1896) and that of the male subsequently assigned in Schiapelli & Gerschman (1945), and the distinct faunal differences between cochabamba and Pará, all suggest that the identification made by Schiapelli & Gerschman is incorrect.
Given the long distance between Santa cruz (Bolivia) and Santarem (Brasil), as well as the faunal differences between the two localities, it seems possible that the specimens from Santa cruz assigned to A. wallacei by Miglio (2014) are missidentified.However, the specimens of Actinopus cochabamba sp.n clearly belong to a species different from the one studied by Miglio (2014), so that the correctness of Miglio's identification is not relevant in the present context.thus, it seems undisputable that the females and the presumably lost male previously assigned to A. wallacei by Schiapelli & Gerschman belong to a new species, described here as Actinopus cochabamba sp.n.

MAtErIAL And MEtHodS
All measurements are given in millimeters and were taken on the left side of the specimens.As standard in Araneae, total lengths were taken with chelicerae, and carapace lengths without chelicerae.reference points for measurements followed coyle (1974).All measurements were taken with a micrometric ocular on an olympus SZ4045 stereoscope.the images were captured with a 2500 Moticam camera of 5.0 M pixel coupled to a stereoscopic MotIc trinocular / SMZ-168. the notation for leg spines follows Goloboff & Platnick (1987); variation in the sides of a specimen (in number of spines, cuspules, or teeth) is indicated as two numbers or formulae separated by a slash ("/"); when describing vari-variation in chaetotaxy, only surfaces with different numbers of spines are listed.
the studied material is deposited in the Museo Argentino de ciencias naturales "Bernardino rivadavia" (MAcn, cristina Scioscia).the following abbreviations were used in the text: AME = anterior median eyes, ALE = anterior lateral eyes, PME = posterior median eyes, PLE = posterior lateral eyes, d = dorsal, P = prolateral, r = retrolateral, V =ventral, P SuP= prolateral superior, P InF= prolateral inferior, P A InF= prolateral apical inferior, P M= prolateral medi- Diagnosis.Actinopus cochabamba sp.n. can be distinguished from A. wallacei by the shape of their spermathecae (Fig. 2E), the lower number of retrolateral spines on tibia II (Fig. 2c), the flat center of the sternum, and the squared shape of the post-labial sigillum, the posterior ones being smaller (Fig. 2B).Male.described by Schiapelli & Gerschman (1945) as the male of Actinopus wallacei.
Distribution.Known only from the type locality.
dIScuSSIon Actinopus cochabamba sp.n. is the second species of the genus described for Bolivia.the morphological comparisons between the female type of Actinopus wallacei, the Bolivian specimens from Santa cruz described by Miglio (2014) and the females referred to in Schiapelli & Gerschman (1945), showed important differences.the females from cochabamba, presented here, have simple spermathecae without lobes (Fig. 2E), a scarce number of retrolateral spines on tibia II (37, Fig. 2c), and a post-labial square sigillum, being the posterior ones short (Fig. 2B).these characteristics differ from those of the female described by Pickard-cambridge (1896) and those of the female from Santa cruz studied by Miglio (2014).
In the future, if the male belonging to the species A. cochabamba sp.n. is found again, it would be interesting to corroborate the presence of a square post-labial sigillum and small posterior ones (as in the female; these characters were not described by Schiapelly & Gerschman for the male).It is also expected that the copulatory bulb is slender and elongate, in correspondence with the elongate shape of female spermathecae -this general correspondence between bulbs and spermathecae has been observed in others species of the genus present in Argentina (d.ríos & P. Goloboff, unpublished data).

AcKnoWLEdGMEntS
this work was supported by a conIcEt, scholarship.Special thanks to Martín ramírez and cristian Grismado (MAcn) for lending specimens.to Pablo A. Goloboff and cristian Grismado for improving the manuscript and the translation of the draft.Finally, I thank the reviewer Martín ramirez for his corrections.